4-Chloro-4'-methoxychalcone

4-Chloro-4'-methoxychalcone (4MC) is a chalcone with an antibacterial activity. It is synthesized from 4,4'-dimethoxychalcone by substitution of one or two methoxy groups on the aromatic ring with chlorine atoms. 4MC has shown to be active against a number of different bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The dilution method is used for the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). This method involves serial dilutions in which bacteria are grown in liquid media containing increasing concentrations of the test compound. The lowest concentration of the test compound that inhibits bacterial growth is determined and recorded as MIC. Plutella xylostella larvae were found to be resistant to 4MC because they lack esterase enzymes that hydrolyze 4MC. Irradiation can be used to produce esters that are more reactive towards